Propylene Glycol
Propylene Glycol carries a safety score of 3/5 and appears in 2,854 indexed US food products. CSPI rates it “Certain People Should Avoid.”
3/5 from FDA SAFFA + CSPI Chemical Cuisine
How common is vs other flagged additives?
Number of indexed products containing each of the most common flagged additives — Propylene Glycol highlighted.
Indexed products containing each flagged additive. Source: Open Food Facts ingredient lists × FDA SAFFA × CSPI Chemical Cuisine.
Function
ANTICAKING AGENT OR FREE-FLOW AGENT, ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT, ANTIOXIDANT, DRYING AGENT, EMULSIFIER OR EMULSIFIER SALT, FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT, FORMULATION AID, HUMECTANT, SOLVENT OR VEHICLE
Safety Assessment
Propylene Glycol has a moderate safety profile (3/5). While approved for use, some studies or consumer advocacy groups have raised questions about certain aspects of this ingredient. Consumers who prefer caution may wish to limit intake.
What the Data Says About
Propylene Glycol currently appears in 2,854 products across the OpenFoodFacts catalog we index, which gives a concrete measure of its footprint on US grocery shelves. Our internal safety score of 3/5 synthesizes FDA Substances Added to Food (SAFFA) regulatory status — currently "GRAS" — with the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) Chemical Cuisine classification of "Certain People Should Avoid." These two frameworks capture different questions: regulators ask whether exposure at typical intake is acceptable, while consumer-advocacy groups examine cumulative dietary load and vulnerable-population risk.
In food manufacturing, Propylene Glycol functions as a anticaking agent or free-flow agent, antimicrobial agent, antioxidant, drying agent, emulsifier or emulsifier salt, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent or adjuvant, formulation aid, humectant, solvent or vehicle. That technical role explains why it recurs across many product categories — formulators select specific additives for stability, shelf life, color, or texture performance, and substitution is rarely a one-for-one swap when regulations or consumer preferences shift. Inspection and outbreak data often trace back to breakdown in the control of exactly these kinds of functional ingredients, either through contaminated batches, undisclosed substitutions, or labeling errors that trigger FDA-initiated recalls.
No specific concern flags are attached to Propylene Glycol in our current data snapshot beyond the regulatory and CSPI classifications above. That does not rule out individual sensitivity reactions, and anyone managing allergies, elimination diets, or chronic conditions should verify with a qualified healthcare professional before relying on population-level ratings.
Safety Profile at a Glance
| Source | Classification | Year |
|---|---|---|
| FDA SAFFA | GRAS | 2024 |
| CSPI Chemical Cuisine | Certain People Should Avoid | 2024 |
| PlainFoodSafe Score | 3/5 | 2026 |
| Product footprint | 2,854 products | OpenFoodFacts |
FDA SAFFA database, CSPI Chemical Cuisine ratings, OpenFoodFacts product index. See methodology.
Products Containing
Showing 50 of 2,854 products
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Propylene Glycol safe to eat? ▼
Propylene Glycol has a safety score of 3/5. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) rates it as "Certain People Should Avoid." FDA status: GRAS. Always check with a healthcare provider if you have specific dietary concerns.
What products contain Propylene Glycol? ▼
Propylene Glycol is found in 2,854 products in our database, spanning various food categories and brands.
What does Propylene Glycol do in food? ▼
Propylene Glycol is used as a anticaking agent or free-flow agent, antimicrobial agent, antioxidant, drying agent, emulsifier or emulsifier salt, flavor enhancer, flavoring agent or adjuvant, formulation aid, humectant, solvent or vehicle in food products.
Where does this ingredient safety data come from? ▼
Safety data comes from the FDA's SAFFA (Substances Added to Food) database, CSPI (Center for Science in the Public Interest) ratings, and the OpenFoodFacts product database. Product counts reflect items cataloged in OpenFoodFacts.